Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala says:
"And those who receive guidance, God adds to guide them and give them (ba-welded) piety." [Muhammad: 17]
Allaah also says:
"In order to increase their faith in addition to their faith (which already exists) ...." [Al-Fat-h: 4]
Thus, fasting is worship of the most noble and most glorious. Where every syi'ar available to him is that in shari'ah's syi'ar ta'abbudiyyah can add to the faith. Therefore, the righteous people in every age and place of knowing that during Ramadan there is a meaning that is not known by others. Thus, they have not acquired a fortune of others, where they managed to purify the soul, purify yourself and defend the truth. In addition, their hearts filled with light, and lisanul things they say, "This is the path to jihad in Allah's way as well as the enforcement of his sentence."
Sheikh Abdullah bin Mahmud said, ".... The month of Ramadan is the month of determination and persistence as well as fields for His servants. Also as a means to purify the heart from damage, shackle lust, evil, and rebellion. Therefore, anyone who plants kindness, the good result will come back to him. At the time of day of harvest, the doors of Heaven will be opened for him and was closed all the gates of Hell. That is caused by human sincerity in worship and also their efforts to compete in do good deeds, among them is the prayer, to open their hands to charity, connecting ties, be kind to the needy and orphans are also people who are in need, and multiply prayer, asking forgiveness, and reciting -Qur-an ... " [1]
QIYAMUL Lail
Qiyamul Lail or often called by his legal Tarawih is Sunnah for both men and women. This prayer is done after praying 'Isha', even though united with plural taqdim done two cycles and two cycles before the Witr prayer. The time lasts until the end of the night. This can be done with a prayer in congregation or individually, but the congregation is better.
And that is what is meant by the word Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam:
"Whoever did praying qiyaam Ramadan with faith and hope for reward, then it will be given to him forgiveness of his sins that have passed ..." [2]
What is meant by the full faith here is faith in God and His reward prepared for those who do qiyamul Lail. And the meaning of his words' ihtisaaban 'means expecting reward from Allah, and it was not for riya' and sum'ah and nor seek wealth or honor.
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam has sunnah Ramadan with the congregation praying qiyaam, then he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam leave for fear of prayer will be obliged to his people, and they are not able to fulfill this obligation.
It has been shown by history Aisha radi 'anha, she said: "One night, the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam never go out at midnight and pray in the mosque then there are some people who prayed with him to follow the prayer, he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, then in the morning, people were talking about it, so people who gathered more numerous than the number of them and pray with him sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam. Then in the morning the people wake up and talk about it, so jama 'ah mosque even more on the third night. Then the Prophet came out and they followed his prayer. Then the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam came out and made his prayers, and people were following the prayer he prayed sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam. And at night Fourth, the mosque was no longer able to accommodate Jama'ah. Until finally he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam came out to pray Shubuh. After finishing his prayers Shubuh, he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam facing the people, then tasyahhud and then said , "Amma ba'du. Surely I'm not worried about your position, but I fear this prayer will be obliged to you so that you can not do it. "Then the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam died and the problem in such circumstances ..." [3]
The Salaf scholars differ about the number of prayers in Tarawih and Witr that accompany it.
a. Some say, 11 cycles.
b. There are states, 13 cycles.
c. Some say, 17 cycles.
d. There is also an opinion, 19 cycles.
e. Some say, 21 cycles.
f. Also some have claimed, 23 cycles.
g. Some say, 25 cycles.
h. And some are stated, 27 cycles.
i. Also there is an opinion, 39 cycles.
j. Some say, 41 cycles.
k. And some say, 47 cycles. [4]
And most rajih are those who say 11 cycles or 13 cycles with the old at the time of standing, bowing and prostration. But if standing, bowing and prostration while the number rakaatnya added.
That is based on what is narrated from Aisha radi 'anha when asked about the prayer of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam during Ramadan, he replied: "The Messenger sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam never worked more than 11 cycles during Ramadan or the month -other month, he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam did 4 cycles; do not ask about a nice and long. Then he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam prayed four rak; and do not ask about a nice and long. Then he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam pray 3 cycles. " Aisha said: "I then asked, O Messenger of Allah, do you sleep before working Witr? He replied:
'O Aisha, verily my eyes sleep but my heart does not sleep ... "[5]
Also the hadith narrated by Ibn Abbas radi 'anhu, he said: "Prayer of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam 13 cycles (raka'at), ie at night ...." [6]
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah said, ".... So many cycles or at least that long or short depending on the stand ..." Furthermore, he said, "It's best to see the state of the congregation following the prayer, if there is a tendency to extend their stand on, then it (should) do 10 cycles and 3 cycles later, as practiced by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam when praying alone in the month of Ramadan and also in others, then so it is better. If there is no tendency for them to extend the stand, then it (should) work on 20 cycles, and it's the best. And that is practiced by most the Muslims. " [7]
Can I (the author) say that that is what took place at the time of Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah. While today, the majority Muslims pray Tarawih no more than 13 cycles. Some priests do Tarawih so quickly that he lost an obligation to tuma'ninah which according to some scholars, he (tuma'ninah) is a pillar, where prayer is not valid without it. So people are weak and old people behind it feel exhausted due to the rapid up and down from the bowing and prostration. Therefore, should a priest truly fear Allah and maintain the state of the congregation as well as carry out the mandate of Imamat with the best of him, because he's responsible for what they lead, that is, people who joined the prayer behind him.
And there is no prohibition on the presence of women in the Tarawih provided safe from slander. They should leave when closed longer hijab, no well-decorated and not wearing perfume, pray with khusyuâ € ™ and is subject to stay away from words that are not, ghibah, namimah, as well as matters pertaining to their household to maintain sanctity of the mosque.
[From the book Achieving Perfect Fasting, Translated from the book of Ash-Shiyaam, Aa-wa Ahkaam daab, by Dr.. Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Abdullah ath-Thayyar, Abdul Ghoffar EM Translators, Publishers Library Ibn Kathir]
Allohu A'lamu_______
Footnotes
[1]. Kitaabush Shiyaam Fadhli Syahri wa Ramadan (p. 23).
[2]. Narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim. (Shahiih al-Bukhari (III/39) and Muslim Shahiih (II/177))
[3]. Narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim. (Shahiih al-Bukhari (III/40) and Muslim Shahiih (II/177))
[4]. Fat-Hul Baari (IV/253, 254).
[5]. Narrated by al-Bukhari. (Shahiih al-Bukhari (III/40))
[6]. Narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim. (Shahiih al-Bukhari (II/46) and Muslim Shahiih (II/178))
[7]. Majmuu 'Fataawaa Islamic Syaikhil Ibni Taymiyya (XXIII/113).
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