عن النضر بن شيبان قال لقيت أبا سلمة بن عبد الرحمن فقلت حدثني بحديث سمعته من أبيك يذكره في شهر رمضان قال نعم حدثني أبي أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ذكر شهر رمضان فقال شهر كتب الله عليكم صيامه وسننت لكم قيامه فمن صامه وقامه إيمانا واحتسابا خرج من ذنوبه كيوم ولدته أمه
"From Nadir bin Syaibân, he said, 'I never met Abu Salama ibn Abd rahimahullah, I told him,' Tell me a hadith that once you heard from your father (meaning Abdurraman bin 'Auf radi' anhu) about Ramadan." He said, 'Yes, my father (he meant Abdurraman bin' Auf radi 'anhu) once told me that the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam never mentioned Ramadan and said, 'Month of Allah Almighty has enjoined upon you fasting and I made sunnah you pray at night. Whoever fasted and prayed the night with a basic faith and expecting reward from Allah Almighty, surely he'll get out of his sins, as when he was born by his mother. " [Ibn Majah, no. 1328 and Ibn Khuzaimah, no. 2201 lewar chains of transmission Nadhr bin Syaibân]
Sanad of this Hadith is weak, because it layyinul Nadhr bin Syaibân hadith (the hadith is weak), as stated by al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah in his book Taqrîb rahimahullah.
Ibn Khuzaimah rahimahullah also has assessed this hadith is weak and he said that the hadith rahimahullah legitimate is the hadeeth narrated by Abu Hurayrah.
Hadith that he was referring to the hadith rahimahullah issued by Imam Bukhari and Muslim and other hadith scholars via the Abu Hurayrah. Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:
من قام رمضان إيمانا واحتسابا غفر له ما تقدم من ذنبه
"Whoever is praying (praying qiyaam or Tarawih Ramadan) on the basis of faith and hope for reward, then the forgiven sinner who was then".
There were also words of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam in Saheeh Bukhari and Muslim, namely:
من حج فلم يرفث ولم يفسق رجع كيوم ولدته أمه
"Those who perform the pilgrimage and not Jima 'is also not Fasiq, surely he will return as the day he was born by the mother" [HR. Bukhari and Muslim]
SECOND: ON THE FAST THAT HALF OF HEALTH
... والصوم نصف الصبر والطهور نصف الإيمان
"Fasting is half of that half of the sanctity of patience and faith".
Da'eef. This is narrated by at-Tirmidhi, no. 3519 in the book ad-Dâ'awât, also narrated by Imam Ahmad in his Musnad rahimahullah (4 / 260 and 5 / 363) via the an-Nahdy Juraisy transmission from a man the sons (tribes) Sulaym.
Sanad of this Hadith Da'eef, because Juraisy bin Kulaib is a majhûl (unknown), as stated by Imam Ibn al-Madini rahimahullah (see, Tahdzîbut Tahdheeb, 2 / 78 Ibn Hajar rahimahullah).
Other similar hadith da'eef namely:
عن أبي هريرة قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لكل شيء زكاة وزكاة الجسد الصوم, الصيام نصف الصبر
"From Abu Hurayrah, he said," The Messenger sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,' Everything that there is zakat. Zakat body is fasting. Fasting is half of patience. "[HR. Ibn Majah, no. 1745 via the Musa bin Ubaidah of Jumhân from Abu Hurayrah]
Sanad of this Hadith is weak, because Moses ibn Ubaidah judged by a group of weak hadith hadith scholars, as described in the book Tahdheeb, 10/318-320. He is a righteous and religious experts, but weak in hadith transmission.
Al-Hafiz in the book Taqrîbnya said, "Da'eef."
Hadith legitimate about this is history that explains that the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said to a man from the tribe Bahilah in a long hadith, in a long hadith tesrbut contained the sentence:
صم شهر الصبر رمضان
"Fast in the month of Ramadan patience". [Imam Ahmad with a saheeh isnaad]
Another Hadith that is the hadeeth narrated by Abu pathway Hurayrah from the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said about Ramadan:
شهر الصبر
"Patience month (Ramadan)."
Rahimahullah issued by Imam Ahmad (2 / 263, 384 and 513), also issued by the Imam Nasa'i rahimahullah (3/218-219). And another hadith through chains of transmission as in Majma'uz Zawâid a'rabiyûn (3 / 196) by al Haitsami rahimahullah.
THIRD: ON THE THREE SHARED RAMADHAN
أول شهر رمضان رحمة وأوسطه (وفي رواية: ووسطه) مغفرة وآخره عتق من النار
"The start of Ramadan is mercy, the middle is maghfirah (forgiveness) and the eventual liberation from the hell fire". [Ibn Abi Dunya, Ibn Asakir, Dailami and others through chains of transmission of Abu Hurayrah]
This hadith is very weak. Please refer to the book Da'eef Jâmi'is Shagîr, no. 2134 and Faidhul Qadir, no. 2815
Hadith is weak matching the above hadith, namely:
عن سلمان الفارسي قال: خطبنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في آخر يوم من شعبان فقال: أيها الناس قد أظلكم شهر عظيم مبارك, شهر فيه ليلة خير من ألف شهر, جعل الله صيامه فريضة, وقيامه تطوعا, من تقرب فيه بخصلة من الخير, كان كمن أدى فريضة فيما سواه, ومن أدى فيه فريضة كان كمن أدى سبعين فريضة فيما سواه, وهو شهر الصبر, والصبر ثوابه الجنة ... وهو شهر أوله رحمة وأوسطه مغفرة وآخره عتق من النار ...
"From Salman al-Farisi radi 'anhu, he said," The Messenger sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam never khutbah front of us on the last day of Ramadhan. He sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,' O people, really great month full of blessings will come and overshadow you, the month in which there is a night better than thousand months. Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala makes fasting (the month) as a liability and make the evening prayer as a Sunnah practice. Those who worship in the month with one virtue, then the same (in value) to perform an obligatory prayer in another. Those who fulfill the obligations of that month, the same as performing seventy obligatory prayer in another. That's the month of patience and replies patience is paradise .... That first month is the mercy, forgiveness and ultimately midle is an exemption from the Fire .....". [Ibn Khuzaimah, no. 1887 and others]
This hadith Da'eef Sanad (weak), because there is a narrator named Ali bin Zaid bin Jud'ân. This person is a weak narrator as rahimahullah explained by Imam Ahmad, Yahya rahimahullah, Bukhari rahimahullah, Daru Quthni rahimahullah, Abu Hatim rahimahullah and others.
Ibn Khuzaimah rahimahullah himself says, "I do not make it as proof that bad on occasion." Imam Abu Hatim rahimahullah said, "This hadeeth is unjust."
Please refer to ad-book genealogy Dha'îfah Wal Maudhû'ah, no. 871, at-Targhîb wat Tarhîb, 2 / 94 and Mizânul I'tidâl, 3 / 127.
FOURTH: ON SLEEP AND SILENCE the fasting person
الصائم في عبادة وإن كان راقدا على فراشه
"People who fast it remained in a state of worship even though he slept on a mattress." [HR Tamam]
Sanad of this Hadith Da'eef, because in there sanadnya Yahya bin Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Harun Zujâj and bin Muhammad bin Bakr bin Hilal. These two men can not find information about their identity in the book Jarh wat ta'dil (ie books that contain information about the defect or defects or compliment to the narrator). Plus, the chain of transmission of this hadith narrators are named Hashim ibn Abu Hurairah al Himshi. He is a narrator who majhûl (unknown state itself), as described by adh-Dzahabi rahimahullah in the book he rahimahullah Mizânul I'tidâl. Uqaili rahimahullah Imam said, "This man haditsnya unjust."
There are also other hadiths convey the same hadith above that is the hadeeth narrated by rahimahullah Dailami in Firdaus via the book Musnad Anas radi 'anhu with lafazh:
الصائم في عبادة وإن كان نائما على فراشه
"People who fast remain in worship even though he slept on a mattress."
Sanad of this Hadith maudhu '(false), because there is a narrator named Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Sahl. This person including hadith forgers, as explained by Imam adh-Dzahabi in the book ad-Dhu'afa.
Please, see the book Genealogy of the ad-Dha'îfah wal Maudhû'ah, no. 653 and the book Faidhul Qadir, no. 5125
There are also other hadiths Creator:
نوم الصائم عبادة وصمته تسبيح وعمله مضاعف ودعاؤه مستجاب وذنبه مغفور
"Her sleep of people who are fasting is worship, silence is prayer beads, his deeds (to be repaid) to multiply, doa'nya efficacious and his sins forgiven." [(Issued by al-Bayhaqi in Syu'abul Faith and others from the chains of transmission Aufa Abdullah bin Abi.]
Sanad of this Hadith maudhu ', because in sanadnya there is a narrator named Amr ibn Sulaiman an-Nakha'i, a liar. [See, Faidhul Qadir, no. 9293, Silsilatud Dha'ifah, no. 4696]
FIFTH Ruling OPEN ON FASTING
عن ابن عباس قال كان النبى - صلى الله عليه وسلم - إذا أفطر قال: اللهم لك صمنا وعلى رزقك أفطرنا فتقبل منا إنك أنت السميع العليم
"From Ibn Abbas radi 'anhu, he radi' anhu said," The Messenger sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, when about to break, he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said:
اللهم لك صمنا وعلى رزقك أفطرنا فتقبل منا إنك أنت السميع العليم
"O Allah! You have we fasted and with Your rizki of us breaking the fast. O Allah! Please accept our deeds! Thou art the Hearing, the Knowing." [Reported by Quthni t Daru in the book he rahimahullah Sunan, Ibn Sunni in the book 'wal Yaumi Amalul Begin, no. 473 and t Thabrani Mu'jamul in the book of al-Kabir]
Sanad of this Hadith is weak (dha'îfun jiddan), because:
First: There is a narrator named Harun bin Abdul Malik bin 'Antarah. This man is very weak narrator.
- Rahimahullah Imam Ahmad said, "Abdul Malik was Da'eef."
- Imam Yahya may Allaah have mercy, "He's a liar (kadzdzâb)."
- While Ibn Hibban rahimahullah said, "He was a forger of hadith."
- Imam Sa'di said: "Dajjal (liar)."
- Imam Dzahabi rahimahullah, 'He was accused as a forger of hadith. "
- Ibn Hatim said, "Matrûk (the memoirs left by the Ulama)."
Second: In the chain of transmission of this hadith there are also the parents of Aaron Abdul Malik bin 'Antarah. He is a narrator who disputed by experts hadith scholars. Imam Daru Quthni rahimahullah judged weak, while Ibni Hibban rahimahullah telang said, "Mungkarul hadith (the hadith being denied), did not berhujjah with him."
This hadith has been weakened by Imam Ibn Qayyim rahimahullah, rahimahullah Ibn Hajar, al Haitsami rahimahullah and Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah and others. Please readers see books; Mizânul I'tidal (2 / 666), Majma'uz Zawâ'id (3 / 156 by Imam Haitsami rahimahullah), Zâdul Ma'ad in the book by Imam Ibn al-Qayyim Shiyâm t and Irwâ'ul Ghalîl (4/36-39 by Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah)
Da'eef hadith other breaking prayer is:
عن أنس قال كان النبى n كان إذا أفطر قال: بسم الله اللهم لك صمت وعلى رزقك أفطرت
"From Anas radi 'anhu, he radi' anhu said," The Messenger sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, when breaking the fast, he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said:
بسم الله اللهم لك صمت وعلى رزقك أفطرت
"In the name of Allah, Ya Allah because of you I fasted and with Your rizki of me breaking".
This is narrated by Thabrani rahimahullah in the book of al-Mu'jamus Shagîr, pp. 189 and al-Mu'jam Ausath.
Sanad hadith is weak (Da'eef), because
First: In this hadeeth there sanad Ismail ibn Amar al Bajali. He was a weak narrator. Imam Dzahabi rahimahullah said in the book of adh-Dhu'âfa, "Not only one person who melememahkannya."
Imam Ibn 'Adi rahimahullah said, "People often bring the hadiths that should not be followed."
Rahimahullah Imam Ibn Hatim said, "This guy is weak."
Second: In sanadnya there Dawud ibn az-Zibriqân. Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah said, "This guy is worse than Amr ibn Ismail al bajali."
Meanwhile, Imam Abu Dawud rahimahullah, Abu Zur'ah rahimahullah and Ibn Hajar rahimahullah incorporate these people into groups matrûk (the memoirs left by the Ulama hadith experts).
Imam Ibn 'Adi said, "Usually what is narrated by this man should not be followed." (See, Mizânul I'tidâl, 2 / 7)
Thabrani rahimahullah hadith was once sung by Ustadz Abdul Qadir Hassan in the minutes of fasting, but he did not comment on the degree.
Still on the prayer break, there are other similar hadith Da'eef namely:
عن معاذ بن زهرة أنه بلغه أن النبى - صلى الله عليه وسلم - كان إذا أفطر قال «اللهم لك صمت وعلى رزقك أفطرت
"From Mu'adh bin Venus, has reached him that the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam when about to break, he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said:
اللهم لك صمت وعلى رزقك أفطرت
"Ya Allah because of you I fasted and with Your rizki of me breaking".
This hadith Da'eef l (weak). This is narrated by Abu Dawud, no. 2358, al-Bayhaqi, 4 / 239, Ibn Abi Syaibah and Ibn Sunni. Lafazh hadith hadith is the same as before, only different in the first sentence. This hadith is weak because there are two gods (the cause):
First: Mursal [1]. Because Mu'adh bin Venus, a tabi'in not Companions Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam.
Second: Also due to Venus Mu'adh bin is a narrator who majhûl, nothing is narrated hadith from him besides Husayn bin Abdurrahman. While Ibn Abi Hatim in the book he rahimahullah rahimahullah Jarh Wa ta'dil not explain about the censure or praise for him.
To the extent that I know, no one riwayatpun legitimate about prayer iftar except history below:
عن ابن عمر كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا أفطر قال ذهب الظمأ وابتلت العروق وثبت الأجر إن شاء الله
"Ibn 'Umar' anhuma, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam when breaking the fast, he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said:
ذهب الظمأ وابتلت العروق وثبت الأجر إن شاء الله
"Thirst is gone, the veins have been wet and reward or punishment remain Insha Allah"
It hasan hadeeth narrated by Abu Dawud, no. 2357; Nasa'i, 1 / 66; Daru Quthni, he said, "Sanad of this Hadith hasan."; Al-Hakim, 1 / 422 and Bayhaqi, 4 / 239. Shaykh al-Albani t agree with the appraiser Daru Quthni of this hadith.
To the extent that I know, all the narrator (the people who narrated) of this hadith is tsiqah (trustworthy) except for Husayn ibn Wâqid. He is a narrator who tsiqah but has a few weaknesses, so it is fitting that the chain of transmission is judged hasan hadeeth.
SIXTH: the virtues of I'tikaf
من اعتكف عشرا في رمضان كان كحجتين وعمرتين
"Whoever is on the ten-day retreat (last) month of Ramadhan, then he like had to go for Hajj and Umrah twice".
Narrated by al-Bayhaqi Syu'abul rahimahullah in his book Faith of Husayn ibn Ali ibn Talib radi 'anhuma. This hadith maudhu '.
Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah in the book he Da'eef Jami'ish Shaghiir, no. 5460, said, "maudhu." Then he rahimahullah explain the cause of falsehood of this hadith in his book Genealogy of ad-Dha'ifah rahimahullah, no. 518
Another Hadith Da'eef nearly matching that is:
من اعتكف إيمانا واحتسابا غفر له ما تقدم من ذنبه
"Those who retreat on the basis of faith and hope for reward, then he is forgiven his sins that have been passed".
Hadith Da'eef history rahimahullah Dailami in Musnad Paradise. Al-Munâwi rahimahullah, in his book Faidhul Qadir, Sharh Ja'mi 'Sagheer (6 / 74, no. 8480) says, "In this hadith there is a narrator who I do not know."
SEVENTH: ON wished EXTENT OF RAMADHAN
لو يعلم العباد ما (في) رمضان لتمنت أمتي أن يكون السنة كلها
'If people know what is in thousands of Ramadan, surely all of my people hope that the Ramadan of the year ".
Maudhu '. It's narrated by Ibn Khuzaimah rahimahullah, no. 1886 through chains of transmission Jarir ibn Ayyub al Bajali, from ash-Sya'bi from Nafi 'ibn Burdah from Abu Mas'ud al-Ghifari-he said, "One day, I heard the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam once said," (then he mentioned the hadith above).
Imam Ibn al-Jawzi rahimahullah bring the above hadith in his book al-Maudhû'ât rahimahullah, 2 / 189 through chains of transmission Jarir ibn Ayyub al Bajali of Sya'bi from Nafi 'ibn' Abdullah ibn Mas'ud Burdah and radi 'anhu. rahimahullah then he said, "This hadith maudhu '(false) forged the name of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam. People who have been accused of falsifying this hadith is Jarir ibn Ayyub.
Rahimahullah Yahya said, 'These people are not nothing (laisa syai bi-ins). "
Fadl ibn Dukain rahimahullah said, 'He's one of the usual fake hadith. "
An-Nasa'i and Daru Quthni rahimahullah said, 'Matrûk (the hadith is not considered).' "
Syaukani rahimahullah in the book of Imam al-Fil Fawâ-idul Majmû'ah Ahâdîtsil Maudhû'ah, no. 254 comment on the hadith above, "This is narrated by Abu Ya'la rahimahullah via the Abdullah bin Mas'ud radi 'anhu is marfuu. Hadith maudhu (false). The damage is in Jarir ibn Ayyub and arrangement lafazhnya a composition that can be assessed by sense that it is a false hadith. "
EIGHTH: BEST MONTH OF RAMADHAN for Muslims
ما أتى على المسلمين شهر خير لهم من رمضان ولا أتى على المنافقين شهر شر من رمضان
"There was no moon that comes to the Muslims better than Ramadan. And do not come to the Munafiqin months are worse than the month of Ramadan".
This hadith Da'eef. Narrated by Imam Ahmad rahimahullah (2 / 330, Fathurrabbani, 9/231-232), Ibn Khuzaimah, no. 1884 and others. All of this history through chains of transmission Kathir ibn Zayd rahimahullah of Amr bin Tamim from his father from Abu Hurairah in marfu '
Al-Haitsami Majma'uz Zawâid rahimahullah in his book, 3/140-141 said, "This is narrated by Imam Ahmad and Thabrani rahimahullah rahimahullah in his book al-Ausath of Tamim and I do not find resumes Tamim." That is Tamim (father Amr) a narrator who majhûl.
In the book Mizânul I'tidâl, 3 / 249, adh Dzahabi rahimahullah said, 'Amr ibn Tamim from his father from Abu Hurayrah that the virtues of Ramadan. And of Amr, the hadith narrated by Zayd ibn Kathir. About Amr bin Tamim, Imam Bukhari rahimahullah said, 'hadith needs to be researched (Fi hadîtsihi nazhar). "
This is one of the terms of Imam Bukhari in criticizing and narrators explain the defects are very subtle but the meaning and intention in all. If Imam Bukhari said, "Fiihi nazhar or haditsihi nazhar fi, then the narrator's degree or even a very weak weak."
NINTH: ON THE WAY TO RAMADHAN FASTING MENGQADHA consecutive
من كان عليه صوم رمضان فليسرده ولا يقطعه
"Those who have dependents shaum (fasting) of Ramadan, then he should mengqadha'nay by a row and had not been cut and disconnected (alternately)".
This hadith Da'eef. This is narrated by Daru Quthni rahimahullah in his Sunan, 2/191-192 and al-Bayhaqi in his Sunan, 2 / 259 via the Abdurrahman ibn Ibrahim al Qâsh of 'Ala ibn Abdur-Rahman from his father from Abu Hurayra (he says), the Messenger of Allah n He said: (as above hadith).
This hadith Da'eef Sanad (weak), because Abdur-Rahman bin Ibrahim al Qâsh is a narrator who Da'eef (weak).
Ad-Daaru Quthni rahimahullah said, "Abdur-Rahman bin Ibrahim al Qâsh is dha'îful hadith (the hadith is weak)."
Al Hafiz Ibn Hajar in his book Talkhishul rahimahullah Habir, 2 / 260, no. 920 said, "Ibn Abil Hatim t have to explain that her father, Abu Hatim has reneged on this hadith because there Abdurrahman."
Al-Bayhaqi rahimahullah said, "He (Abdur-Rahman bin Ibrahim al Qâsh) has been considered weak by Ibn Ma'in rahimahullah, Nasa'i rahimahullah and Daru Quthni rahimahullah."
Adh-Dzahabi rahimahullah in the book Mizânul I'tidâl, 2 / 545, "Among the hadiths mungkarnya is ... .. (then he brought rahimahullah above hadith)
There are also other hadiths that contradict Da'eef Da'eef above hadith, namely:
عن ابن عمر أن النبى - صلى الله عليه وسلم - قال فى قضاء رمضان: إن شاء فرق وإن شاء تابع
"Ibn 'Umar' anhuma, he radi 'anhuma said," Verily the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam has said about making up those 'Ramadan,' If he wanted, he could mengqadha'nya with broken down (alternating) and if he wants, he can also be beturut mengqadha'nya-to-back (without interspersed) ".
This hadith Da'eef. This is narrated by Daru Quthni rahimahullah, 2 / 193 through chains of transmission Sufyan ibn Bishr, he said, 'We've been told by Ali ibn Umar ibn Mishar of Ubaidullah from Nafi' from Ibn 'Umar' anhuma, he said: (such as the hadith in above)
To the extent that I know, this hadith sanad Da'eef because Sufyaan ibn Bishr majhûl is a narrator who, as has been affirmed by Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah, because he did not get his memoirs rahimahullah. Then the sheikh al-Albani rahimahullah said, "In summary, none of the hadith marfu 'legitimate explaining (mengqadha' shaum Ramadan) with alternating and not even consecutive. Opinions are closer (to truth) is to be mengqadha 'by both, as the opinion of Abu Hurayrah. [See Irwâ'ul Ghalîl, 4 / 97]
Thus some even have some examples of hadith Da'eef maudhu 'a lot of outstanding and often-repeated delivery onstage during Ramadan. Hopefully this short script can be a reminder for us to no longer make the above hadith as evidence in a charity. It is enough for us to follow the hadiths or hadith saheeh decent used as evidence. K May Allah always guide us to follow the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam by the practice of Thabit hadiths of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam.
Allohu A'lamu
_______
Footnote
[1]. Mursal hadith is the hadith narrated from the Messenger of Allah directly without any intermediaries n by tabi'in Companions
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